تكفير:شرعى اصول وقواعد

Abstract

The subject of this article is an analytical review of the Shariah principles and guidelines regarding Takfeer (excommunication) in Islam. In the contemporary era, while the Muslim Ummah faces external challenges such as secularism and the mockery of Islamic symbols. Internally, the trends of sectarianism, Tafseeq (declaring someone a transgressor), Tadhleel (declaring someone misguided), and unjustified Takfeer have severely damaged the unity of Muslim societies. The article highlights that the turmoil (Fitnah) of Takfeer is the oldest in Islamic history, originating with the Khawarij, and even today, this very ideology is the primary cause of unrest and armed conflicts in Muslim countries. The fundamental objective of this research is to eliminate the intellectual ambiguity prevalent among the general public and certain academic circles. Therefore, in the light of the Quran and Sunnah, this paper determines the Shariah reality of Kufr (disbelief), the extent to which Takfeer aligns with the Objectives of Islamic Law (Maqasid al-Shariah), its core principles and who holds the legal authority to declare an individual outside the fold of Islam. This aims to ensure that moderation and extreme Shariah precaution are maintained when forming an opinion about a Muslim's faith or disbelief.